In type 1 diabetes, most people need a total of 0. Roughly half this insulin is needed for food intake , and half is the basal rate. In DAFNE half is therefore taken as long-acting insulin and this is divided into two injections of Levemir detemir insulin. One injection when you get up in the morning, and the other in the evening at bedtime. For most people, this is about 24 units in 24 hours.
Your doctor will teach you exactly how to inject insulin, but here are the basics: Wash your hands. Take the plastic cover off the insulin bottle and wipe the top of the bottle with a cotton swab dipped in alcohol. Pull back the plunger of the syringe, drawing air into the syringe equal to the dose of insulin that you are taking measured in units.
Put the syringe needle through the rubber top of the insulin bottle. Inject air into the bottle by pushing the syringe plunger forward. Turn the bottle upside down. Make sure that the tip of the needle is in the insulin. Pull back on the syringe plunger to draw the correct dose of insulin into the syringe see picture 1. Make sure there are no air bubbles in the syringe before you take the needle out of the insulin bottle.
If there are air bubbles, hold the syringe and the bottle straight up, tap the syringe with your finger and let the air bubbles float to the top. Push on the plunger of the syringe to move the air bubbles back into the insulin bottle. Then withdraw the correct insulin dose by pulling back on the plunger.
Clean your skin with cotton dipped in alcohol see picture 2 , top. Grab a fold of skin and inject the insulin under the skin at a degree angle see picture 3. Clean the injection area using cotton and alcohol top. Pinch an area of skin bottom. Ask your doctor which place you should use. Insulin injected near the stomach works fastest.
Insulin injected into the thigh works slowest. Insulin injected into the arm works at medium speed. If you take too much insulin it will lower your blood sugar level too much, and you may get hypoglycemia also called an insulin reaction. When you have hypoglycemia, you may feel cranky, more tired than usual, confused and shaky, and you may sweat more. You may get a headache, have a rapid heartbeat, or feel more hungry. In serious cases, you can pass out or have a seizure.
Most people who take insulin have an insulin reaction at some time. Insulin Routines. Insulin is required for people with type 1 diabetes and sometimes necessary for people with type 2 diabetes. Syringe is the most common form of insulin delivery, but there are other options, including insulin pens and pumps. Insulin should be injected in the same general area of the body for consistency, but not the exact same place.
Insulin delivery should be timed with meals to effectively process the glucose entering your system. Insulin therapy With the help of your health care team, you can find an insulin routine that will keep your blood sugar blood glucose near normal, help you feel good, and fit your lifestyle. Type 1 People diagnosed with type 1 diabetes usually start with two injections of insulin per day of two different types of insulin and generally progress to three or four injections per day of insulin of different types.
Type 2 Most people with type 2 diabetes may need one injection per day without any diabetes pills. Fine-tuning your blood sugar Many factors affect your blood sugar levels, including the following: What you eat How much and when you exercise Where you inject your insulin When you take your insulin injections Illness Stress Self monitoring Checking your blood sugar and looking over results can help you understand how exercise, an exciting event, or different foods affect your blood sugar level.
Insulin delivery Many people who take insulin use a syringe, but there are other options as well. Insulin pens Some insulin pens contain a cartridge of insulin that is inserted into the pen and some are pre-filled with insulin and discarded after all the insulin has been used.
Pump therapy Insulin pumps help you manage diabetes by delivering insulin 24 hours a day through a catheter placed under the skin. Site rotation The place on your body where you inject insulin affects your blood sugar level.
Many parents worry when their child with diabetes starts or returns to school. Content on this website is provided for information purposes only. Information about a therapy, service, product or treatment does not in any way endorse or support such therapy, service, product or treatment and is not intended to replace advice from your doctor or other registered health professional. The information and materials contained on this website are not intended to constitute a comprehensive guide concerning all aspects of the therapy, product or treatment described on the website.
All users are urged to always seek advice from a registered health care professional for diagnosis and answers to their medical questions and to ascertain whether the particular therapy, service, product or treatment described on the website is suitable in their circumstances. The State of Victoria and the Department of Health shall not bear any liability for reliance by any user on the materials contained on this website.
Skip to main content. Home Diabetes. Diabetes and insulin. Actions for this page Listen Print. Summary Read the full fact sheet. On this page. Diabetes Type 1 diabetes Type 2 diabetes Gestational diabetes Insulin for diabetes Starting on insulin Types of insulin Insulin injection devices Insulin injection sites Factors that speed insulin absorption Factors that delay insulin absorption Disposal of used insulin syringes Insulin storage Insulin safety Record your blood glucose levels and insulin doses Where to get help.
Diabetes Diabetes mellitus diabetes is a chronic and potentially life-threatening condition where the body loses its ability to produce insulin, or begins to produce or use insulin less efficiently, resulting in blood glucose levels that are too high hyperglycaemia. Type 1 diabetes Type 1 diabetes develops when the cells of the pancreas stop producing insulin. Type 2 diabetes Type 2 diabetes develops when the pancreas does not make enough insulin and the insulin that is made does not work as well as it should also known as insulin resistance.
Insulin for diabetes Insulin is a hormone our body makes to keep our blood glucose levels within the normal range.
Starting on insulin People with type 1 diabetes must inject insulin every day, often up to 4 or 5 times per day. They will teach you about: the type and action of your insulin how, where and when to inject insulin how to rotate injection sites where to get your insulin and how to store it safely how to manage low blood glucose how to keep a record of your blood glucose levels and insulin doses who will help you to adjust insulin doses.
Types of insulin Insulin is grouped according to how long it works in the body. The 5 types of insulin are: rapid-acting insulin short-acting insulin intermediate-acting insulin mixed insulin long-acting insulin. Rapid-acting insulin Rapid-acting insulin starts working somewhere between 2.
Short-acting insulin Short-acting insulin takes longer to start working than the rapid-acting insulins. Intermediate-acting insulin Intermediate-acting and long-acting insulins are often termed background or basal insulins.
The intermediate-acting insulins are cloudy in nature and need to be mixed well. One injection can last up to 24 hours. It is usually injected once a day but can be taken twice daily. Toujeo glargine insulin — this insulin has a strength of units per ml so is 3 times the concentration of other insulin in Australia. It is given once a day and lasts for at least 24 hours.
It should not be confused with regular Lantus which has a strength of units per ml. Toujeo is given for safety by a disposable pen only. Toujeo gives a slower, steadier glucose profile especially during the night. It is usually injected twice daily. Although these insulins are long-acting, they are clear and do not need mixing before injecting.
Mixed insulin Mixed insulin contains a pre-mixed combination of either very rapid-acting or short-acting insulin, together with intermediate-acting insulin.
Note In Australia, the strength of the above insulins is units per ml. Insulin injection devices Different insulin delivery devices are available. Insulin syringes Syringes are manufactured in unit 0. Insulin pens Insulin companies have designed insulin pens disposable or reusable to be used with their own brand of insulin. Insulin pumps An insulin pump is a small programmable device that holds a reservoir of insulin and is worn outside the body.
Insulin injection sites Insulin is injected through the skin into the fatty tissue known as the subcutaneous layer. Factors that speed insulin absorption Variation in insulin absorption can cause changes in blood glucose levels. Insulin absorption is increased by: injecting into an exercised area such as the thighs or arms high temperatures due to a hot shower, bath, hot water bottle, spa or sauna massaging the area around the injection site injecting into muscle — this causes the insulin to be absorbed more quickly and could cause blood glucose levels to drop too low.
Factors that delay insulin absorption Insulin absorption can be delayed by: over-use of the same injection site, which causes the area under the skin to become lumpy or scarred known as lipohypertrophy insulin that is cold for example, if insulin is injected immediately after taking it from the fridge cigarette smoking. Disposal of used insulin syringes Used syringes, pen needles, cannulas and lancets must be disposed of in an Australian Standards-approved sharps container, which is puncture-proof and has a secure lid.
Procedures to dispose of sharps containers vary from state to state.
0コメント